• Subhrendu Guha Neogi
• Anand Bhaskar

Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) plays an important and challenging role and characterized by having specific requirements for the design purposes. Wireless Sensor Networks consist of nodes with limited power are deployed to gather useful information from the field and send the gathered data to the users. In WSNs, it is critical to collect the information in an energy efficient manner. So, in this paper we propose an energy efficient multipath routing protocol. Such an approach can maximize the network lifetime and reduce the energy consumption. An important attribute of WSNs is their limited power supply, and therefore some metrics (such as energy consumption of communication among nodes, residual energy, path length) were considered as very important criteria while designing routing in the paper. Firstly, a cluster head (CH) is selected among nodes located in the event area according to some parameters, such as residual energy. Secondly, an improved ACO algorithm is applied in the search for multiple paths between the CH and sink node. Finally, the CH dynamically chooses a route to transmit data with a probability that depends on many path metrics, such as energy consumption. The technique uses two routing levels. In the first level (intra-cluster), cluster members send data directly to their cluster head. In the second level (inter-cluster), the cluster heads use election algorithm to find a route to the base station. As only cluster heads participate in the inter-cluster routing operation, the method can provide a smooth operation more effectively. To assess the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, we compare the method with some previous routing algorithms. The results show that the algorithm is more effective in routing in terms of cost of the path and energy dissipation. The transmission of information, for the cluster heads node away from the base station (Sink), along the best path was achieved and the energy consuming of cluster heads node was decreased. Meanwhile, not only the node residual energy, but also the distance between the cluster heads was considered for the selection of cluster heads. The simulation results show that this method can prolong the network lifetime, as well as balance of energy consumption among nodes and reduce the average energy consumption effectively. It resulted in the more even distribution of cluster heads. Simulation result indicates that the new algorithm helped to increase in extension of network life compared with other existing routing protocols.

WSN, energy efficiency, network life-time, node mobility, scalability, cluster head, clustering algorithm, multipath Routing.

"An Energy Efficient Multi-path Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks using IPv6", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.5, Issue 6, page no.474-485, June-2018, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1806668.pdf

"An Energy Efficient Multi-path Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks using IPv6", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.5, Issue 6, page no. pp474-485, June-2018, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1806668.pdf