• SumitMehra
• SubashHeraganahally
• Daisy Mehra, 4Rajiv Garg, 5Suryakant Tripathi, 6Amita Jain, 7 Rajendra Prasad
• Rajiv Garg
• Suryakant Tripathi

Background: RNTCP uses short course anti-tubercular (ATT) chemotherapy given intermittently under direct observation (DOTS). Isoniazid (H), Rifampicin(R), Pyrazinamide(Z), Ethambutol(E) and Streptomycin(S) form part of Category-I (2H3R3Z3E3 + 4H3R3) and Category-II (2H3R3Z3E3S3 + 1H3R3Z3E3 + 5H3R3E3) regimen, which are recommended for treatment of new and previously treated tuberculosis patients respectively. There is however concern regarding effectiveness of category-II regimen especially in failure cases. Aim: Objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of anti-tubercular drug(ATT) resistance in category-II or retreatment patients. Settings: Tertiary teaching hospital Design: Non-randomised prospective study of all patients presenting to DOTS centre and started on category-II treatment. Material and Methods: In our study, all the patients registered under category-II at RNTCP centre over a one-year period were included. Sputum sample was collected for C/S mycobacterium tuberculosis while starting treatment and at the end of 3 months of treatment. Acid-fast bacilli staining of sputum was done by Zeihl-Nelson's Method, culture by modified Lowenstein-Jensen's medium and resistance testing was done by proportion method. Results: 103 patients were registered under category-II. The culture results are available for 87 patients. Amongst, 65.5% were culture negative or pre-treatment susceptible to ATT. MDR-TB was observed in 10.3%, 8.2% and 23% of relapse, treatment after default (TAD) and failure subcategories respectively. Resistance to H, S, R, E, Z were 24.1%,17.2%,16.1%, 5.7% and 17.2% respectively. Emergence of resistance to Rifampicin was seen in 3.8% cases following category-II treatment. Conclusions: 10.35% of all Retreatment regimen patients had Multi-Drug resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Percentage of MDR-TB was 10.3%, 8.2% and 23% among relapse, TAD and failures subcategories respectively Approval Ethics application site: Ethics Committee, King George Medical University.

RNTCP, DOTS, Category 2, Retreatment regimen, Tuberculosis, Resistance, Antitubercular treatment.

"The Prevalence and Patterns of Resistance to Primary Line of Anti-Tubercular Drugs In Patients on Category-Ii Regimen of RNTCP", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.5, Issue 12, page no.57-62, December-2018, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRQ006013.pdf

"The Prevalence and Patterns of Resistance to Primary Line of Anti-Tubercular Drugs In Patients on Category-Ii Regimen of RNTCP", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.5, Issue 12, page no. pp57-62, December-2018, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRQ006013.pdf