• Dr. Ramashray Prasad
• Dr. Jitendra Rishideo

Erosion, transportation and deposition by running water are closely related and these works are performed in association and not in isolation. One cannot be performed without other. The efficiency of these river works is determined by other factors like topography, geology, structure and composition of rocks, slope, and amount of water availability and its characteristics, climate etc. Huge catchment area of the Gandak River is lying in the Himalayan mountainous region. This region is receiving good amount of rainfall mostly concentrated in four months of monsoonal period June to September (JJAS). This period has also high temperatures leading to large amount of glacial ice melt. Hence, enormous water is drained off the mountain steep slope. The Himalaya is very young and has fragile rocks. Human activities in those areas are the cause of generation of more and more shattered materials which are brought by running water downstream much easily. Therefore, highly sediment concentrated water brings large quantity of loads containing – sand, silt and clay. It is deposited in suitable conditions along its paths. It is the result of flood plain formation. According to the erosion and deposition, different types of major and minor features are formed. In other words, water and sediment determine the layout of the plain appearance. In this background, it is attempted to (i) study the discharge and sediment characteristics of the Gandak River, (ii) analyze the relationship between discharge and transported sediment and (iii) illustrate the concentration of sediment in the flowing channel. To achieve these aims, secondary data has been analyzed. It is expected that this study will help in executing an integrated development plan for the flood affected area of Gandak River as sediment yield in the plain is the big culprit for flooding and channel shift.

river discharge, rating curve, sediment amount, sediment concentration, Lower Gandak flood plain, aggradation and degradation

"Analysis of Sediment Load and its Concentration in the Lower Gandak Flood Plain: North Bihar, India", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 11, page no.c92-c108, November-2021, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2111213.pdf

"Analysis of Sediment Load and its Concentration in the Lower Gandak Flood Plain: North Bihar, India", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 11, page no. ppc92-c108, November-2021, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2111213.pdf