• Chandrakant U.Chavan
• Vinod B. Shahagadkar
• Sandip G. Pawar
• Rajendra N.Kokare
• Sangita V Ghumatkar

Short tandem repeat (STR) typing continues to be the primary workhorse in forensic DNA profiling. Therefore, the present review discusses the prominent role of STR marker in criminal justice system. All overthe world, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) profiling provides evidence that may be used to convict criminals, as an irrefutable proof of wrongful convictions, invaluable links to the actual perpetrators of crimes, and could also deter some offenders from committing more serious offences. Clearly, DNA profiling tools have also aided forensic scientists to re-evaluate old cases that were considered closed as a result of inadequate evidence. Use Short Tandem repeats in forensic casework is become an important tool to reach the real culprit in criminal case like rape, murder, robbery etc. Most of the time due to the lack of circumstance evidences in judicial system becomes a strong benefit to the accused. In Maharashtra day by day rate of heinous crimes and lot of rape crimes increased. In rape case medical examination sampling by medical officer play an important role to avoid the loss of trace biological evidence. In sexual offences, specifically semen on victim’s clothes or biological samples proves involvement of accused in the crime. But in some sexual offence cases where contraceptive devices are used or semen stains are not detected during investigation, the victim’s blood or body fluid on the accuser’s garments or vice versa helps to prove the rape crime. Most of the times ABO grouping can give the results of specific group but still due to similarities in blood groups we cannot make a conclusion about involvement of any specific person in sexual offence case. Here, ABO grouping as well as DNA profiling technique has created wonders from the time it has been invented. Once the DNA technique proves involvement of the accused, there is provision of ‘Protection of Children from Sexual Offences’ (POCSO) Act 2012 in the court to effectively address the heinous crimes. In the instant case, a girl aged 9, promising to give chocolates by minor accused, sited her on motor cycle and was raped in farm. During rape the accused private part becomes injured and his blood transferred on undergarments and cloths of the victim. As the DNA profiling proved his involvement in the crime.

Forensics, Rape Assault, PCR,STR,DNA profiling

"STR TYPING: BIOLOGICAL PROBE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF CRIMINALS IN FORENSICS", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 12, page no.e10-e16, December-2021, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2112403.pdf

"STR TYPING: BIOLOGICAL PROBE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF CRIMINALS IN FORENSICS", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 12, page no. ppe10-e16, December-2021, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2112403.pdf