• Gezahegn Girma Meshesha
• Amare Bayisa
• Belay Zegeye
• Birhanu Elias
• Tolcha Barecha

ABSTRACT Globally, Organized crime has globalized and turned into one of the world's foremost economic and armed powers(UNODC report, 2010) and specifically in Africa, according to Report of the High Level Panel on Illicit Financial Flows from Africa, (2013) stated that governments' major revenues, and the countries' peace and security, are challenged by the increasing nature of illicit trade. As a result, the issue of contraband is attracting the attention of both the academics and practitioners. With this reality the aim of this study is to Assessing the practice and effects of contraband trade on security in Adama city. The study was employed descriptive method of research and utilized both quantitative and qualitative research approach with 134 respondents and 8 key informant for interview. A combination of sampling techniques that was probably (simple random sampling, stratified random sampling) to conduct questioners survey for quantitative data collection as well as data analysis proportionally and non-probability (purposive or judgmental sampling and snow ball method) for key informant interview and FGD had employed due to the issue of the research. The result indicated that,the most challenging factors that to combating contraband are: inadequate of control team, weak commitment of leadership and control team, less coordination, and collaboration with different stake holder, unperformed competent knowledge and skilled, lack of technological instruments like scanning machines,insufficient check point or kella, weak public Awareness and uninterested of Community; Employees not be honest for their job and organization. While the illicit trades are increased, it has negative impact on stability of country's security and the formal business development. Moreover, even though the government tired to tackle these negative consequences of the illicit trade through various interventions, the success so far is insufficient. The authors recommend that a collaboration and coordination approach with different stalk holder should be adopted and developing strategy to address the internal and external threats on combating contraband by government. Keywords: Contraband, practice, threats, police, ERCA, security, effects, Adama city

Contraband, practice, threats, police, ERCA, security, effects, Adama city

"Practice And Effects Of contraband On Security: Case Of Adama City", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 11, page no.b609-b622, November-2023, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2311171.pdf

"Practice And Effects Of contraband On Security: Case Of Adama City", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 11, page no. ppb609-b622, November-2023, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2311171.pdf