• vijay pratap singh
• sonakshi varshney

Abstract This study explores the administration and impact of the death penalty in India, with a comparative lens on its counterparts in the Arab nations and the United States. The research delves into the legal frameworks, frequency of executions, judicial safeguards, socio-political influences, and public perception surrounding capital punishment in these regions. In India, the death penalty is reserved for the "rarest of rare" cases, yet inconsistencies in its application raise concerns about arbitrariness and judicial discretion. The Arab nations, particularly countries like Saudi Arabia and Iran, exhibit a more frequent and often opaque use of capital punishment, driven by both civil and Sharia-based legal systems. Conversely, the United States presents a federal-state dichotomy where the use of the death penalty varies significantly, reflecting political ideologies, racial disparities, and evolving constitutional debates. By analyzing these three jurisdictions, this comparative study evaluates the ethical, legal, and human rights dimensions of capital punishment, ultimately questioning its efficacy and legitimacy in contemporary justice systems.

"The Death Penalty in India: A Comparative Study of its Administration and Execution Impact in Relation to the Arab nations and USA", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 4, page no.n655-n662, April-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2504D80.pdf

"The Death Penalty in India: A Comparative Study of its Administration and Execution Impact in Relation to the Arab nations and USA", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 4, page no. ppn655-n662, April-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2504D80.pdf