• KN Dhanush Kumar
• Arpitha Shet

One of the byproducts of infrastructural development is the rise in the number of conflicts arising between human beings and wildlife, since most of these developments are completed on the wild habitats. The present study describes the implementation of a real-time animal monitoring system in which the NavIC satellite positioning system of India is integrated with the GSM and Long Range (LoRa) technologies. The collar receiver transmitter consists of the ESP32-S microcontroller, GNSS module with NavIC support, and the LoRa transceiver working on the frequency of 433 MHz. During the field trials, the system was able to detect 87% of the geofence violations with a positional accuracy of ±10 meters over the communication distance of 800-1000 meters. The receiver base station transmits data through GSM with a success rate of 90% and an average end-to-end delay of 68 seconds. The smart transmission scheduling increases the battery life to 24-25 hours (monitoring mode) compared to 16-17 hours (continuous transmission), which is a reduction in energy consumption by 33%. The system was able to receive over 95% of the packets in the 500-meter range and supported 10-second visualization refresh rates using the Flask-Supabase-Folium architecture. The ecosystem can be protected using this system, which costs about ₹3,500-4,500 ($42-54) per unit. It is a demonstration of technological reliance on the local invention through the utilization of satellite navigation.

Wildlife monitoring, NavIC, Geofencing, LoRa, IoT, Human-animal conflict, GNSS, Real-time tracking

"Wildlife Monitoring System using NavIC-based Geofencing", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 11, page no.f643-f651, November-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2511596.pdf

"Wildlife Monitoring System using NavIC-based Geofencing", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 11, page no. ppf643-f651, November-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2511596.pdf