• Dr. BALARAJ SARAF

This paper explores the ethical foundations of utilitarianism within the context of welfare economics in modern welfare states, proposing a critique rooted in celestial guidance and human reason. While utilitarianism focuses on maximizing happiness through human-centered calculations of intrinsic value and disvalue, it overlooks the divine insight provided by sacred texts and moral law. The paper argues that human reason, though essential, is limited by biases and fallibility, and thus cannot fully capture the higher moral truths revealed through divine wisdom. By integrating celestial guidance with welfare policies, the paper suggests a more holistic approach to justice, equity, and societal well-being, grounded in both rational thought and divine ethical principles.

Celestial Guidance, Human Reason, Utilitarianism, Welfare Economics, Divine Insight, Moral Law

"Celestial Guidance and Human Reason: Reassessing Utilitarianism as a Foundation for Welfare Economics in Modern Welfare States", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.4, Issue 10, page no.113-115, October-2017, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1710175.pdf

"Celestial Guidance and Human Reason: Reassessing Utilitarianism as a Foundation for Welfare Economics in Modern Welfare States", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.4, Issue 10, page no. pp113-115, October-2017, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1710175.pdf