Abstract
In order to evaluate the level of pollution and preserve the water resources, hydrobiological research on freshwater bodies is routinely conducted in India and other countries. The biodiversity of freshwater bodies like lakes, ponds, and rivers was under threat by numerous anthropogenic sources, according to Bronmark and Hansson (2002). Monitoring is an intentional, sporadic surveillance process used to gauge how much something is conforming to a standard or how much it is deviating from the norm. Controlling pollution is a goal. The analysis of the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the water through time is typically involved in hydro biological studies. Regular water quality monitoring studies are required because aquatic ecosystems are dynamic and are vulnerable to changes related to environmental factors and climate change-induced factors. The cumulative disaster that man is causing on the environment on a daily basis justifies routine research employing new science and technology. To reduce the degree of pollution, it is crucial to conduct biomonitoring in these degraded ecosystems. Proper resource management for the benefit of people is important for the conservation of this ecosystem. Living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) elements make up an ecosystem. The biotic factors, which include competing species, parasites, predators, and people, include living things including animals, plants, and bacteria. Each organism has the ability to endure a variety of environmental conditions, yet it can only exist in environments that fall within certain tolerance thresholds. Abiotic components refer to the physico-chemical environment, which includes things like light, air, water, temperature, minerals, and soil. The governing forces of the environment are typically abiotic factors. The organisms that often grow in them have the capacity to change themselves to fit the abiotic environment. The health and distribution of organisms as well as the ecosystem's activities are influenced and governed by the abiotic variables of the environment. Freshwater ecosystems and organisms are affected by pollution in physico-chemical variables (Aykulu, 2005). The main aim of the study was to determine physical factor of water in Thamirabarani River, Kanniyakumari district, India.