• DINOOP K

Large numbers of Keralites migrate to Gulf and other middle-east countries as unskilled labourers. Malappuram district had occupied the first rank of sending out the largest number of Keralites to Gulf. But the indigenization drives in Gulf nations reversed the process of migration .Return migration from Gulf countries due to Nitaqat is emerging as a burning issue in Kerala, especially in Malappuram district. Lack of proper rehabilitation measures makes the situation worse for the returnees. It is in this context this paper analyses the consumption pattern of return migrants. Migrants, who found higher income and was able maintain better standard of living earlier find it difficult to change their consumption expenditure corresponding to their decrease in income. The return migrants are not ready to reduce their consumption expenditure due to previous peak level standard of living. This study attempts to study this aspect, by taking Tirurangadi taluk (Malappuram district), by taking return migrants from Saudi as the case study. For analyses the study uses the James Duesenberry’s Ratchet effect.

Return migration, Nitaqat, Consumption pattern, Ratchet effect, Tirurangadi

"IMPACT OF NITAQAT ON MIGRANT LABOUR – A CASE STUDY OF TIRURANGADI TALUK IN KERALA", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.5, Issue 11, page no.375-380, November-2018, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1811350.pdf

"IMPACT OF NITAQAT ON MIGRANT LABOUR – A CASE STUDY OF TIRURANGADI TALUK IN KERALA", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.5, Issue 11, page no. pp375-380, November-2018, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1811350.pdf