• P. Anil Kumar
• M.Vasantha Lakshmi
• B.Chakravarthi

Development of shrimp farming in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India grew at a phenomenal rate during the years 1990-1995. In 1990, a total of 6,000 ha was under shrimp farming and this rose to 88,300 ha during 1997-98. Presently about 78,700 ha is under culture which accounts for more than 50% of the brackish water area potentially available in the state. East Godavari district has an area of 10,807 sq. km, with a population of 51,54,296 (2011 census). It is a major rice producing district with 52% of the total area of the district under rice cultivation. This district ranks fourth in shrimp farming with a production capacity of 40368 tonnes. Generally, farmers culture tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) because of its high market value. In Andhra Pradesh, India the shrimp farmers facing a challenge continuously to improve farm efficiency. The key parameter here is water quality, and that is a big challenge to maintain the right balance of pond environment. It requires an accurate estimation of inputs such as feed, algal production, waste effluent and environmental impacts of aquaculture operations. The farmers need to minimize the release of waste output by making improvements in feed quality as well as feed efficiency with better feed conversion ratios (FCR). Managing the release of feed waste into the pond is also through better farm production practices and feed management. The goal is good margins through optimal survival rates and reduced disease-related losses. When we cannot manage a balanced pond environment, disease outbreaks occur. The worse scenario is high shrimp mortality. But first, it is important to understand the farm environment- from how much water exchange is required and probiotics to use, and how to control the feeding program (feeding rate and frequency). Probiotics can be applied directly into the pond water or supplemented in feeds

Probiotics, Photosynthetic Bacteria, Uni Light, Feed conversion ratios

"Balancing the pond environment through probiotics for enhancing environmental conditions in a shrimp farm to achieve improved margins", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 1, page no.1856-1863, January 2019, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1901D65.pdf

"Balancing the pond environment through probiotics for enhancing environmental conditions in a shrimp farm to achieve improved margins", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 1, page no. pp1856-1863, January 2019, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1901D65.pdf