• Manjeet Singh
• Amanpreet Singh Dhillon

The wireless sensor network is the decentralized and self configuring type of network in which sensor nodes can sense information and pass it to the base station. Due to decentralized network and far deployment energy consumption is the major issue of wireless sensor networks. In this research work, FGMRP protocol is implemented and improved to increase the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In the FGMRP protocol, whole network is divided into clusters and cluster heads are selected in each cluster. The leader nodes are also selected in the network which collect data from the cluster heads and pass it to the base station. In the improvement of FGMRP protocol, Gateway nodes are deployed in network to increase the lifetime of WSN. In the proposed improvement gateway nodes are deployed near to the base station which takes data from the leader nodes. The leader nodes take data from the cluster head. The proposed FGMRP protocol and FGMRP protocol are implemented in NS2.

FGMRP, Multi-level Hierarchy, Gateway

"Improved FGMRP Routing Protocol to Solve Energy Hole Problem in Wireless Sensor Networks ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 4, page no.378-382, April-2019, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1904L56.pdf

"Improved FGMRP Routing Protocol to Solve Energy Hole Problem in Wireless Sensor Networks ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 4, page no. pp378-382, April-2019, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1904L56.pdf