• Dr. Angana Ghoshal

The human immune system is a complex yet systematic network involving several defense mechanisms that warrant our well-being. We are exposed to millions of pathogens and other toxic agents every moment and the miracle of life is that we evade them successfully [1]. The immune defense mechanism interplays at different levels to combat such pathogens. There are specialized cells like different leucocytes, chemokines, cytokines and many more that play an important role in the defense mechanism. Furthermore the different mucosal surfaces with mucus and different secretions serve as an interface between the external and internal environment. These surfaces are vital as they allow different substances, toxins and pathogens to pass through them. The surfaces have specialized receptors and active substances that recognize and inhibit the harmful agents from entering the vital organs. It is here that the concept of immunomodulation becomes important. Immunomodulation refers to the onset of events towards immunostimulation or immunoinhibition, and the choice depends on the nature of the pathogen/agent crossing the mucosal surface as they serve as the gates of entry. A fine orchestrated immune-response is dependent on the presence of pattern recognition receptors (PRR) with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) [2]. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are PRRs which have different subsets that bind with different ligand and are expressed on different cell types. The TLRs are essentially important in combating the pathogens. Once the TLRs are activated by their respective ligands they trigger the transcription factors like NF-κβ which promote the transcription of different proinflammatory cytokines which enhances the immunity [3]. After pathogen detection, TLR signal transmission is initiated through the toll / interleukin 1 receptor (TIR) domain. Many TIRs use the adapter protein MyD88, which activates NF-κβ, activator protein-1 and Map kinases (MAPK) and triggers stream signaling. Therefore, MyD88 is important for inflammation and disruption of TLRs that often lead to chronic pathologic conditions and autoimmune diseases [4].

Green Tea, Polyphenols, Immune response, Automimmune disease, Immunomodulation

"Green Tea: A potent Immmunomodulatory Agent", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 4, page no.127-135, April-2019, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1904U69.pdf

"Green Tea: A potent Immmunomodulatory Agent", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 4, page no. pp127-135, April-2019, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1904U69.pdf