• Shakeel Ahmad Bhat
• Dr. Dinesh Kumar Sharma

In the mid 1860s, after the appearance Darwin's origin of Species (1859), Thomas Hardy courageously tested huge numbers of the sexual and religious shows of the Victorian age; however he before long embraced the mechanical-determinist perspective on universe's mercilessness, reflected in the definitely grievous and pointless destinies of his characters. In his Poems Hardy delineated provincial existence without wistfulness? His state of mind was frequently unemotionally sad. Destiny assumes a noteworthy job in a considerable lot of Hardy's works; both Tess of the D'Urbervilles and the Mayor of Casterbridge contain different occasions where its belongings are promptly obvious. Additionally, Hardy's works mirror a skeptical view where destiny, or chance, is in charge of a character's ruin. The focal point of his works was the fairly forsaken and history-freighted wide open around Dorchester. Hardy's composition of books of "Wessex," the authentic, Somewhat Anglo-Saxon name he gave in fiction to his local Dorset, from this time until 1895. Tess of the D'Urbervilles, distributed in 1891, was right away well known with the perusing open. Be that as it may, it additionally caused discussion: Victorian moralists and ministers were scandalized by the creator's dispute that his courageous woman was, in the expressions of the novel's sub-title, an ethically unadulterated lady. A few perusers were offended by the texts Pessimism, by the unrelieved picture of torment and hopelessness Hardy displayed. Universal devotees to God were scandalized by his proposals that the advantageous warm Divine force of Christianity appeared to be missing from the world Hardy delineated.

Pessimism, Poetry, Novels, Thomas Hardy, Philosophy, Drama, Fate.

"Pessimism in Thomas Hardy’s Novels", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 5, page no.496-506, May-2019, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1905R75.pdf

"Pessimism in Thomas Hardy’s Novels", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 5, page no. pp496-506, May-2019, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1905R75.pdf