• Pardeep singh

The paper investigates the relationship and influences of the Pahari art of the Himalaya region of the northern part of India to another region with complete distinct cultural orientation, religious preferences and geographical conditions; The Punjab plain or the Sikh state. The objective of the study is to analyze the various circumstances and situation that compelled the artists from the Himalayan region to migrate to Punjab plains, which influenced and laid the foundation of the Sikh school of arts in Punjab plain. The paper will elaborately discuss important contribution of the Art of the Himalaya to the Art and Culture of Punjab. Beside that paper will identify the various Art school developed under the Rajput in the Pahari region and how various events led to the subjugation of the Himalaya region (Punjab hills) by the Sikhs in the early nineteenth century. The Sikh dominated the hill region, they became supreme everywhere and also the subjects of the Himalayan art or the Pahari art changed considerably. The research will be conducted on the basis of analyses of various miniature work (paintings) done under the Rajput at Pahari regions, then after the annexation of Pahari region, under the Sikhs patrons at Pahari region and finally the work done for the Sikh patron at Punjab plains by the itinerants Pahari Artist. All the research will be historical based, mostly covering the Art of the Himalaya or the Pahari Art done in the 16th to 19th century, using methodology of gathering information from various concerned libraries, research papers, journals, internet. And objective of the research is to find out that considerable change in the works executed by itinerants Pahari artist under the patronage of the Sikh rulers in Punjab hills as well as Punjab plains. How the splendid, richly colored and vigorous representation of the myths and legends in the Kangra painting of Himalaya region was replaced by a formalist pattern, in which the figures, trees and atmosphere were treated, and conventional color schemes used without achieving that vigor and intensity vested in the deep emotions of the Pahari artist. Discussion was conducted with other scholars to be sure in case the research was done correctly and whether any further development should be made in the research paper. The research paper will conclude on the formation of Sikh school of arts in Punjab plains with deep influences from the Art of the Himalaya.

sikh art, pahari art, sikh school of art, miniature painting, maharaja ranjit singh

"THE CONTRIBUTION OF HIMALAYAN ART IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SIKH SCHOOL OF ART (ANALYSES ON SOCIAL, POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS FACTORS)", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 6, page no.893-901, June-2019, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1906422.pdf

"THE CONTRIBUTION OF HIMALAYAN ART IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SIKH SCHOOL OF ART (ANALYSES ON SOCIAL, POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS FACTORS)", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 6, page no. pp893-901, June-2019, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1906422.pdf