• Dilip Kumar
• Ajit Kumar

India's population will surpass China's, if the China does not alter its current fertility policy. But India's population will also be more youthful than China's and will not face a budget-straining situation of population aging. Fertility and family planning have received a serious attention in India since 1996 when the reproductive and child health approach was introduced under the Family Welfare Programme. The study is based on the various sources of data from the Health Management Information System (HMIS), National Family Health Surveys (NFHSs) and District Level Household Survey (DLHS) for analysis of high fertility trend and maternal health in India. The story of population growth in India is fairly in tune with the traditional theory of demographic transition. Some of the UN agencies like; UNICEF and UNFPA support at national and regional levels of India to improve the quality and coverage of high impact maternal health services and to increase community demand for the services. Its focus is on efforts to address the needs of adolescent mothers who are more at risk of complications during pregnancy and the delivery and post-delivery periods. It is to develop evidence-based guidelines and protocols such as the Maternal and Newborn Health Toolkit, Maternal Death Review Guidelines and technical treatment protocols. However, according to the NFHS, a large percentage of married women in India (77 percent) prefer to regulate their fertility: 26 percent do not want another child, 31 percent (or their husbands) were sterilized, and 20 percent want to postpone their next birth. The size of India's future population would largely depend upon the course of fertility decline in the highly populous north and eastern regions of the country. While clearly in the third phase of the transition, India is likely move to the fourth phase of replacement level of fertility. For the fourth phase to begin, fertility in the very large and poor Indian states will have to decline to that of an industrialized country, around two or fewer children. The initiatives undertaken by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare are very supportive for reducing the fertility rates towards the replacement level and improving the health status of women and children in India. In particular, the impact of these initiatives would be very beneficial for the three high fertility states, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Jharkhand; and also for five states with the medium level of fertility such as Haryana, Uttrakhand, Chhattisgarh, Assam, and Tripura.

Fertility, Demographic transition, CBR, TFR, Maternal health

"Study on High Fertility Trend and Maternal Health in India", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 6, page no.810-817, June 2019, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1907258.pdf

"Study on High Fertility Trend and Maternal Health in India", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 6, page no. pp810-817, June 2019, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1907258.pdf