• SANJAY KHANNA
• Dr. ARVIND KUMAR NAG

Water is one of the essential commodities for survival of human beings. It is required for domestic purpose, irrigation, industrial and other uses, which are very relevant for survival and progress of society. That is important civilisations of the world have grown and prospered around perennial rivers. With rapid growth of population and development of modern technologies in various fields, the requirement of water has substantially increased. The perception that water is available with us in abundance no longer holds true now. Water availability is neither adequate nor equitable to all human beings and in all regions of the country as well as in the world. The global fresh water consumption has risen six folds between 1900 and 1995, which is more than twice the rate of population growth. However, one-third of the world’s population is already living in countries with moderate to high water stress. About 20 percent of the world’s population, lack access to safe drinking water. The problem is more acute in Africa and West Asia and in many other developing countries including our country India. In addition to the problems of limited availability of water, there is problem of water quality leading to various biological and chemical contamination. Even developed countries like United States are also affected by water quality degradation. India has more than 20 states and millions of people affected with Fluorosis, but Bihar is not one of the states that is recognized widely as highly affected with Fluoride in drinking water and affected with Fluorosis. Fluoride is often associated with scarcity of water and the perception of Bihar is often that of water plentiness. But what we often forget is the diversity that is there within this state.

Population, water, Groundwater, Fluoride, human health, rainwater, harvesting

"STUDY ON RAINWATER HARVESTING FOR FLOURIDE FREE FRESH WATER AT DOMESTIC LEVEL IN FLUORIDE AFFECTED AREA IN NAWADA DISTRICT OF BIHAR", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 6, page no.341-347, June 2019, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1907A74.pdf

"STUDY ON RAINWATER HARVESTING FOR FLOURIDE FREE FRESH WATER AT DOMESTIC LEVEL IN FLUORIDE AFFECTED AREA IN NAWADA DISTRICT OF BIHAR", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 6, page no. pp341-347, June 2019, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1907A74.pdf