• Sewanand

Prison management is the essential feature of a welfare State. Prisons are institutions owned and managed by the State through its government servants. The Prison represents a unit of the prison system. It is a permanent place of detention of those who are condemned to imprisonment by the Courts. The existence of prisons in our society is an ancient phenomenon since Vedic period. John Locke expressed that men were basically good but laws were still needed to keep down ‘the few desperate men in society” Prisons’ were considered as a ‘house of Captives’ where prisoners were kept for retributory and deterrent punishment. Lord McCauley, the then Law member of the Supreme Council of India stated that ‘the best criminal code can be of very little use to a community unless there be a good machinery for the infliction of punishment’. This was the “deterrence theory” upon which the prisons in those days were based. The aim of the society as expressed in its criminal law is to safeguard its own existence to maintain order and to make it possible for all citizens to lead a good life as prison is quite a powerful deterrent and effective instrument of social control. The law enforcement agencies have been given the powers by the society to curtail the freedom of its citizens by taking them into custody in connection with their deviant conduct. As far as prisons in Haryana are concerned, their references can be found from the earliest times. References to “karagriha” are found in Ramayan, Mahabharat and even in Manu Smriti. They are perhaps as old as the civilization itself. As per Hindu Scriptures the main aim of imprisonment was to keep away the wrong doers so that they might not defile the members of social order. In Punjab/Haryana as also in India as such, Prisons in the modern sense are product of the last century, a legacy of British rule, Punjab was the last territory to become part of the British India in 1849, earlier to that, no regular prisons were in existence in Sikh rule. The prison system developed by British is followed by Haryana. Many amendments were made in these provisions time to time by Government for the betterment of the prisoners. In Haryana prison administrations and management are generally under the control of public authorities which come under the control of State Government ministry. In Haryana prison administration and management is a State subject and under the control of Home Department of the State Government. As per Punjab Jail Manual “ an Inspector General shall be appointed for the territories subject to each Local Government and shall exercise, subject to the orders of the Local Government, the general control and superintendence of all prisons situated in the territories under the such Government.” The Superintendent of the prison is incharge of the executive management of the prison in all matters relating to economy, discipline, labour, expenditure, punishment and control in general. The Superintendent is responsible for developing leadership in every aspect of prison management.

Prison, Superintendent, Amendments, Imprisonment

"A Study of Law Provisions in Prison Management with reference to Haryana", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 6, page no.247-254, June 2019, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1907P35.pdf

"A Study of Law Provisions in Prison Management with reference to Haryana", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 6, page no. pp247-254, June 2019, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1907P35.pdf