• HARI OM SHARMA
• SANDEEP KUMAR
• S.K. SINGH
• PRADEEP KUMAR

Drug is active pharmaceutical ingredient which is a chemical substance of known structure with a certain pharmacological action used to diagnose, cure, treat or prevent the disease. It produces a significant biological effect when administrated to a human being. Natural drugs act as the back bone for humankind in all over the world. As the population increases day by day, the number of new diseases also increases so the new medicines and remedies are also required. Drug design is the creative process to find out the new remedies based on the knowledge of a biological target. The drug is most commonly an organic small molecule that activates or inhibits the function of a biomolecule such as a protein, which in turn results in a therapeutic benefit to the patient. Generally drug design involves the design of molecules which are complementary in shape and charge to the bio molecular target with which they interact and bind to it in efficient manner. Drug design provides the knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of the bio molecular target. This is known as structure-based drug designing. A bio molecular target most commonly a protein or a nucleic acid is a key molecule involved in a particular metabolic or signalling pathway that is associated with a specific disease condition or pathology or to the infectivity or survival of a microbial pathogen. Potential drug targets are not necessarily disease causing but must by definition be disease modifying. In some cases, small molecules will be designed to enhance or inhibit the target function in the specific disease modifying pathway. Small molecules for receptor agonists, antagonists, agonists,or modulators;enzyme activators or inhibitors;ionchannel openers or blockers will be designed that are complementary to the binding site of target. A particular example of rational drug design involves the use of three-dimensional information about biomolecules obtained from such techniques as X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Computer-aided drug design in particular becomes much more tractable when there is a high-resolution structure of a target protein bound to a potent ligand. Many therapeutic drugs have undesired properties that may become pharmacological, pharmaceutical, or pharmacokinetic barriers in clinical drug application. The present study shows that modulation of target is an important means of improving drug efficacy.

SiRNA, RISC, Drug design, Biological target, Nucleic acid, Rational drug discovery

"DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN RELATION TO SPECIFIC TARGETS: OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 6, page no.18-27, June 2019, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1908619.pdf

"DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN RELATION TO SPECIFIC TARGETS: OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 6, page no. pp18-27, June 2019, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1908619.pdf