Abstract
There is discussion of current trends in the creation of inorganic, organic, and coordination compounds, materials, nanomaterials, hybrids, and nanocomposites in a more environmentally friendly manner. According to its traditional 12 principles, green chemistry deals with the synthesis procedures, promoting the sustainability of chemical processes, energy savings, less toxic reagents and final products, less harm to the environment and human health, lowering the risk of global overheating, and more rational use of natural resources and agricultural wastes. New materials as well as well-known chemical compounds have been synthesised using more environmentally friendly methods. Greener methods can be used to create a variety of nanosized materials and composites, such as aerogels, quantum dots, metal and non-metal nanoparticles, as well as their oxides and salts. The production of traditional materials including cement, ceramics, adsorbents, polymers, bioplastics, and bio composites can also be enhanced or made using cleaner methods. The greener synthesis relies heavily on a number of non-polluting physical procedures, including solvent-free and biosynthetic methods as well as microwave heating, ultrasound-assisted and hydrothermal processes, or ball milling, typically in combination with the use of natural precursors. In regard to the creation of materials, non-hazardous solvents such ionic liquids, the usage of plant extracts, and the utilisation of fungus, yeasts, bacteria, and viruses are also covered. Discussed are the viability, availability, and profitability of scaling up green processes.