• MOHMMAD ESMIL SADDIQI
• FERAIDOON EKHLAS
• HALIMA RAHMANI

Migration is a continuous process that has been the subject of political debate worldwide. Migration has shown an unbroken upward trend, be it of people who have left their homelands voluntarily for economic or other reasons, or of those who have been forced to leave their homes (refugees, displaced persons, etc.).Human migration patterns are of interest to scientists representing many fields. Theories have been posited to explain modern human evolutionary expansion, the diversity of human culture, and the motivational factors underlying an individual or group decision to migrate. Although the research question and subsequent approach may vary between disciplines, one thread is ubiquitous throughout most migration studies: why do humans migrate and what is the result of such an event? While the determination of individual attributes such as age, sex, and ancestry is often integral to migration studies, the positive identification of human remains is usually irrelevant. However, the positive identification of a deceased is paramount to a forensic investigation in which human remains have been recovered and must be identified. What role, if any, might the study of human movement patterns play in the interpretation of evidence associated with unidentified human remains? Due to increasing global mobility in the world's populations, it is not inconceivable that an individual might die far away from his or her home. If positive identification cannot immediately be made, investigators may consider various theories as to how or why a deceased ended up in a particular geographic location. While scientific evidence influences the direction of forensic investigations, qualitative evaluation can be an important component of evidence interpretation Managing human mobility is one of the greatest challenges for destination countries worldwide, in developed and developing countries. This is further exacerbated in cities where migrants typically seek a better quality of life. The causes and routes of migration flows for different types of migration are difficult to distinguish, posing difficulties for governments. With refugees protected by the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and voluntary migrants admitted into destination labour markets through the sovereign decision of host countries, governments need to plan for different types of migrants accordingly. Decades of conflict and the search for better economic opportunities have pushed millions of Afghans into neighboring Pakistan and Iran. While an estimated 2.5 million Afghans are registered refugees, a possibly equal number of Afghans live in Pakistan and Iran without legal refugee status. These undocumented Afghans face numerous protection challenges both in their host country and upon their return to Afghanistan either voluntarily (“spontaneous return”) or through deportation.

Afghanistan, Human Migration ,History, geography, Factors

"Review of Migration and Its Impact (Study Area Afghanistan)", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.7, Issue 8, page no.445-457, August-2020, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2008058.pdf

"Review of Migration and Its Impact (Study Area Afghanistan)", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.7, Issue 8, page no. pp445-457, August-2020, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2008058.pdf