• DR. H.D DIWAN
• Dr. S.S BHADAURIA
• Dr.PRAVEEN KADWE
• Dr.D SANSYAL

The triangular Hill Fort Shivneri had been used by Yadvas of Ancient Devagiri Kingdom as guard / check post and old trading route from Desh ( interior country ) to the Arabian Sea Port City of Kalyan . The Junnar city was an important trade centre in the 1st century AD during Satvahana Kingdom reign in the region. The military fortification was made by the Maratha Cheifs in 17th century (1630 AD) . The great Hindu Maratha worrier Chhattrapati Shivaji was born at the Fort on 19th February 1630 AD and his name was dedicated to GodessShivai Devi of fort. The rigid and highly stable grounds of Shivneri Hill provide the intact super structure of ShivneriFort . The horizontal flat topped plateaue table lands are rigid and compact in nature, belonging to the trappean basaltic rocks of Cretaceaous ages. The fort was under possession of Maratha Chief (Bhonsale) from 1595 AD till the Anglo – Maratha war of 1820 AD . In this study, the lithologic and geomorphic characteristics of Shivneri Hill region and suitability of fortification under existing physical domain of the territory has been interpreted and analysed using saterllite imagery data of the terrain. The study reveals that the geotectonic activity in geologic past leads evolution of caves underneath the scarp zones. The Hindu architectural features Gateways, Temples, Palaces, Monuments, Water storage systems are cultural heritages. The unique specific arrangement , seven serial gates provide high security to the fort during enemy / invaders attack. Under military invansion in March 1657, Shivaji raided Junnar which arises conflict with the Non- Hindu Delhi Sultnate . The precincts of fort follows the outer shape of triangular hill and it had been constructed with mud slurry walls . It covers 2 km length in N-S direction and triangular base of 1.65 km in EW direction . The detailed investigation is needed to reconstruct the events happened in historic period of Maratha Empire and policies adopted by Chhattrapati Shivaji under “ HindaviSwarajya” ( Indian Self Rule of Hindu ).

MILITARY FORTIFICATION , GEOMORPHIC CONDITION, BASALT ROCKS , CHECK POST , HILL, JUNNAR , HINDU ARCHITECTURE , MARATHA EMPIRE , CAVES , HINDAVI SWARAJYA.

"GEOLOGIC -GEOMORPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, FORTIFICATION AND ARCHTECTURAL ELEMENTS OF ANCIENT HINDU MILITARY CHECK POST, SHIVNERI HILL FORT, JUNNAR, M.H. INIDIA.", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.7, Issue 10, page no.3414-3430, October-2020, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2010445.pdf

"GEOLOGIC -GEOMORPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, FORTIFICATION AND ARCHTECTURAL ELEMENTS OF ANCIENT HINDU MILITARY CHECK POST, SHIVNERI HILL FORT, JUNNAR, M.H. INIDIA.", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.7, Issue 10, page no. pp3414-3430, October-2020, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2010445.pdf