• DR.SUJIT KUMAR

Our current work under investigation aims at the study of the effect at the fitness history and the life cycle of Drosophila. For the purpose of studying the effects of different types of stress factors on stress factors or environmental pollutants, malathion is taken as our study material because of its wide range of applicability in diverse areas.The compound C10H19O6PS2 had been reported by different scholars as mutagenic in different studies under different conditions .It was found in the study that malathion is more toxic than indosulphan and male adults are more sensitive than females for both insecticides.It was also found to have a positive correlation among resistance to organophosphates and negative correlation between resistance to each of organophosphates malathion,prothiophos and fenitrothion.However,no attempt has been made to study the effect of this compound on the various developmental stages In our current study,therefore,attempt has been made to have a clear understanding of the relationship between toxicity and mutagenicity,various stages in life cycle and relative sensitivities of inbred ,outbred and different mutant strains . Drosophila is a small fly from the family Drosophilidae and its members are often called “FRUIT FLIES”. The entire genus, however, contains roughly 1,500 species and have wide diversity in terms of appearance, behavior, and breeding habitat. One species of Drosophila in particular D. melanogaster, has been heavily used in research in genetics and is a common model organism in developmental biology. Basic genetic mechanisms are shared by most organisms. Therefore, it is only necessary to study the genetic mechanisms of a few organisms in order to understand how the mechanisms work in many organisms, including humans. Drosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly a little insect about 3mm long, is an excellent organism to study genetic mechanisms. The general principles of gene transmission, linkage, sex determination, genetic interactions; molecular, biochemical and developmental genetics, chromosomal aberrations, penetrance and expressivity, and evolutionary change may all be admirably demonstrated by using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Discrete genes regulated different aspects of development. Many of these genes turned out to be homologous to those involved in human development and disease. These genes had been conserved over millions of years of evolution and could be studied easily and rapidly in flies. This led to a boom in the field as more and more researchers saw the potential of flies for asking basic and applied questions, and to the development of ever cleverer molecular tools to address these questions. For example, chemical mutagenesis was used for many years to generate new mutations that were screened for interesting phenotypes, followed by careful genetic mapping, a chromosome walk, and finally gene cloning . Currently, the MiMIC transposon system is being applied to target all genes in the Drosophila genome, providing null mutations and a platform to land protein tagging, gene expression tracking.

Drosophila, Melanogaster, Malathion, Mutation, Prothiophos.

" STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF BIOTIC AND PHYSICAL FACTOR MALATHION ON THE FITNESS AND LIFE CYCLE OF DROSOPHILA ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.7, Issue 11, page no.1103-1109, November-2020, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2011285.pdf

" STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF BIOTIC AND PHYSICAL FACTOR MALATHION ON THE FITNESS AND LIFE CYCLE OF DROSOPHILA ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.7, Issue 11, page no. pp1103-1109, November-2020, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2011285.pdf