• Sapna Jain

Abstract: - At present, joblessness or unemployment is a major challenge facing the Indian society. And this leads to financial crises and reduced purchasing power of a nation. This in turn reduces the economic growth and creates problems like inequality, poverty and many social tensions. The reason behind this jobless growth is attributed to the dissimilar structural change process in income and employment. Therefore, a clear understanding of structural change in terms of income and employment for long period of time (1980-81 to 2019-20) will help to identify various growth and employment potential sectors in the economy. Accordingly, policies could be designed for the growth of respective sectors to augment income and employment growth at the same time so that the problem related to jobless growth can be addressed. This will ultimately go a long way in redressing the problems like unemployment, under employment and hence poverty & inequality in the economy. Therefore, proper comprehension of structural change assumes major importance in designing macroeconomic socially just policies in the economy. A clear prospective on structural change and its relationship with growth and employment will help us to examine the exact relationship between these three important macro-economic variables which will help us to design a conductive and appropriate development strategy. Further sharp divergences in the growth rate of different sectors are found to have serious implications for income distribution, inflation and current account deficit of a country Bhattacharya & Mitra (1990). Therefore, a detailed analysis of structural change and how various factors affecting the process will help us to build sustainable growth strategy. As India is a country having diversified economy, a state-wise analysis in this regard can identify the difference in structural change in rich and poor states and can also ascertain various loopholes existing in poor economy. Accordingly, the poor states can approve suitable strategy for its growth in income and employment. This will ultimately go a long way in reducing convergence problem among Indian states. Structural change (income & employment) and its association with economic growth, productivity growth and employment growth separately a negative & significant association found between structural change in income with economic growth and productivity growth. But a positive and significant association found between structural change in employment with economic growth & productivity growth. This implies that structural change in employment extends economic growth & productivity growth but structural change in income dampen economic & productivity growth. Along with that, it is found that structural change (income & employment) negatively effecting employment growth in case of Indian economy. Given the significance of structural change on various important variables (economic growth, productivity growth, employment growth), it is imperative to study the various factors causing structural change (income & employment). Therefore, the present study is an attempt to analyze various factors affecting structural change in India.

Keywords: Economic growth, Productivity growth, Employment growth

"Economic Growth & Employment In India", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 1, page no.909-918, January-2021, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2101331.pdf

"Economic Growth & Employment In India", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 1, page no. pp909-918, January-2021, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2101331.pdf