• Padma Bhavani B
• Kalyan Kumar K

Highly Pathogenic Asian Avian Influenza A (HPAI) H5 or more commonly called as “Bird flu” is a severe contagious respiratory disease in birds caused by influenza A virus subtype that has an HA (hemagglutinin) 5 protein and an NA (neuraminidase) 1 protein (H5N1). H5N1 infect the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts of birds leading to large scale deaths and imminent loss to the poultry industry. Though the fatality rate of humans infected with Avian Influenza is low, there is a huge concern regarding the mutations of the virus and its resistance to the antiviral drugs. As of now, Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is the drug of choice, but the virus has gained resistance over it and Zanamivir, Peramivir, and long-acting Laninamivir are the other approved drugs amongst other drugs used for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza virus. An overall review of H5N1 viral as well as host cellular mechanisms as targets and exclusive H5N1 novel small molecule inhibitors developed during the recent past are discussed in the below sections.

Highly Pathogenic Asian Avian Influenza, H5N1, Influenza virus, Hemagglutinin, Neuraminidase, Small molecule, Inhibitor, Oseltamivir, Zanamivir, Anti-viral drug.

"Small Molecule H5N1 Inhibitors: A Review", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 5, page no.e880-e890, May-2021, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2105648.pdf

"Small Molecule H5N1 Inhibitors: A Review", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 5, page no. ppe880-e890, May-2021, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2105648.pdf