• Sainath Rajendra Bawake
• Damini Anilrao Kulkarni
• Uma Devidas Lahire
• Pranjal Subhash Dange

The commonest cause of thyroid disease worldwide is iodine deficiency, which causes goiter and hypothyroidism in some. However, autoimmune thyroid disease is the predominant form of thyroid dysfunction in the developed world. Although genetic (HLA‐DR3, CTLA‐4, and thyroglobulin gene mutations) and environmental factors (infection, smoking, and iodine status) have been implicated, its precise cause is unclear.1, 2 Overt thyrotoxicosis or hypothyroidism occurs in about 2% of women and 0.2% of men in the UK.3 The incidence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in women is 4.1/1000 and 0.8/1000 per year respectively, but is much lower in men for both (0.6/1000 per year).4 More recent data suggest a higher incidence, for example, 4.98 (women) and 0.88/1000/year (men) for hypothyroidism and 0.77 (women) and 0.14/1000/year (men) for hyperthyroidism.5 The incidence of overt thyroid dysfunction may depend on population iodine intake.6 The main causes of hyperthyroidism

Thyroid, Anti-Thyroid, Goiter, Autoimmune Disorders, Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Diagnosis, Treatment, Symptoms.

"THE DEEP STUDY OF THYROID GLAND AND DISEASES RELATED TO IT", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 9, page no.e67-e78, September-2021, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2109403.pdf

"THE DEEP STUDY OF THYROID GLAND AND DISEASES RELATED TO IT", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 9, page no. ppe67-e78, September-2021, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2109403.pdf