• Abdul Matin

Ibn Kaldun, Sociologist, was a renaissance man, the real father of sociology. He defined the foundations of sociology more than four centuries before Augusta Comte ‘discovered’ them (Comte, a French philosopher was a founder of Positivism). He lived in an era when the Muslim Nation in North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula disintegrated into a multitude of city-states fighting against each other. At the same time the Spaniards were uniting their kingdoms and steadily taking over the Muslim city-states in Iberia. He was directly involved in the political intrigue and several Muslim rulers in different capacities ranging from diplomatic envoy to minister. His first hand observations led him to believe that resources or policies do not control societies. He concluded that societies are living organisms that experience cyclic birth, growth, maturity, decline, and ultimately death due to universal causes (in the dynamic marketing concept today, the gurus associate it with a business, product or service life cycle). He also described the process through which peaceful or violent migrants blend with the native population to form a homogeneous society subject to the universal cycles. He correctly associated the maturity stage of any social system with affluence, luxury and reluctance to perform menial task. This leads to the employment of foreigners and mercenaries, which initiated the conflicts that lead to the decline phase. He identified the impact of climate and available resources on migrations and social changes. He also identified the impact of governmental policy and taxation on social change. The chief concern of his monumental work was to identify psychological, economic, environmental and social facts that contribute to the advancement of human civilization and the currents of history.

Ibn Khaldun, Sociology, History, Innovative Ideas, Philosophy,

"Innovative ideas of Ibn Khaldun to Sociology & Philosophy of History", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 10, page no.e571-e579, October-2021, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2110487.pdf

"Innovative ideas of Ibn Khaldun to Sociology & Philosophy of History", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 10, page no. ppe571-e579, October-2021, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2110487.pdf