• Sandeep Kumar Pandey
• Arvind Kumar Singh

Selaginella (spike mass) is a cosmopolitan genus of spore bearing vascular plants. Like seed, plants, it is eusporangiate, heterosporous and endosporic. Ploidy is a measure of the number of chromosomes in a plant cell. Ploidy can be assessed by chromosomes number or flow cytometry using the DNA index (D1) which is ratio of fluorescence in leukemic blasts compared with normal cells. Selaginella is easy to culture and has a much smaller genome than lsoetes. Confirmation of trisomy syndromes is done by cytogenetic techniques. Cytogenetics is the study of the structure and properties of chromosomes, chromosomal behavior during somatic cell division in growth and development (mitosis) and germ cell division in reproduction (meiosis), chromosomal influence on the phenotype and the factors that cause chromosomal changes. Flow cytometer is a fluorescence microscope which analyses moving particles in a suspension is used for determination of polidy. For the fluorescence to be detected by the photomultiplier, the cells have to be labeled with an appropriate fluorescent molecule whose properties will change on binding to nucleic acids. In our studies of immunolabelling there is usually one negative peak (for unlabelled cells) and another one for labelled cells (positive). Such peaks can either be analysed using the (mostly) in-built computer of the flow cytometer, or they can be analysed by drawing ranges or numerical fits to know the mean intensity or the number of cells in a peak. The distribution of the nuclear DNA content within a cell population is obtained by comparing the number of cells in the different peaks or clusters, since the absolute DNA content is irrelevant.

Selaginella, Ploidy, Chromosomes, DNA index (D1).

"Ploidy determination in Selaginella", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.0, Issue 0, page no.0, December-2021, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2111036.pdf

"Ploidy determination in Selaginella", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.0, Issue 0, page no. pp0, December-2021, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2111036.pdf