• Dr. Chander Shekhar
• Amit

The Sikhs embodied the Guru's noble ideals of humanism, liberalism, women's respect, tenderness, forgiveness, justice, and equality. The Sikh chiefs attributed their prosperity to the Gurus, whom they saw as the genuine founders and masters of society. Sikh principles provide direction for Sikh leaders. The Guru Granth Sahib was considered the Sikh code of conduct, the nation's supreme law, and social values. Sikh leaders have always maintained langars (community kitchens) to give meals to travellers as well as the underprivileged and needy. The Sarbat Khalsa and Gurmata were very visible symbols of the community's collaborative decision-making. When the chiefs met at Akal Takht for Gurmata, they set aside personal vendettas and made sacrifices for the greater interest of society. Sikhs organised themselves into Dals and began functioning as military units. Sardars could not afford to criticise Sarbat Khalsa's selections for fear of destroying their community's image and support. The chiefs gradually abandoned the concept of equality and the high teachings or consultations implanted in them by Guru Gobind Singh. The Sardars developed rivalries and jealousies against one another, which resulted in controversy, conflict, and alliance against each other. At the end of the eighteenth century, when the Afghan danger was eliminated, the Sarbat Khalsa and Gurmata institutions were rendered obsolete. The Sikh leaders rejected the Guru's teachings and, rather than integrating their personalities into society, felt the community existed to further their own personal objectives. Prior to 1767 AD, all Sikhs fought against the Afghans in unison, but after that they started disobeying Sikh ideals and behaving like independent monarchs. Ranjit Singh, who disbanded the Misls, replaced them with a strong centralised monarchy.

Sarbat Khalsa, Gurmata, Granth Sahib, Guru, Misl, Sardar, Misldars, Langar, Panth.

"Sikh Ideals and Institutions During Misl Period in Northwestern India", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 11, page no.b712-b716, November-2021, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2111189.pdf

"Sikh Ideals and Institutions During Misl Period in Northwestern India", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 11, page no. ppb712-b716, November-2021, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2111189.pdf