• Anuprita Arun Ingle
• Pallavi Sudam Gorane

With rapid economic expansion and industrialization, there is a pressing demand for quick and cost-effective transportation, therefore the number of motor vehicles that run on fossil fuels and non-renewable energy sources is skyrocketing every year. A number of technologies are being developed to help alleviate this dilemma, one of which is electric automobiles (EV). [1-8] As a good effect of electric motor propulsion systems, EV delivers zero emission concepts. In this context, zero-emission concepts can be applied not only to a built-in EV, but also to the conversion of a fossil-fueled vehicle to an electric one. In light of the financial constraints and the variety of new vehicle options, vehicle conversion becomes a viable investment option in line with the vehicle's utility purpose [3]. The performance requirements for electric vehicle conversions, like those for EVs, are based on a few goals: trip distance, speed, and cost. [8] The battery capacity necessary for an electric vehicle conversion based on daily trip mileage can be calculated. The range distance from fully charged to low charge EV batteries can be predicted by dividing the battery capacity by the average energy consumption per kilometer. [8] The speed target is determined by the electric motor's power. When more speed is required, the electric motor must produce more power. The voltage and current specifications required are influenced by the electric motor's power. As a result, the battery specifications are affected. Instead of reducing the battery maximum current, increasing the battery voltage can enhance the electric motor power. The cost of converting to an electric vehicle is one of the issues. The cost target is a set of parameters that emerge in addition to the technical constraints. The cost target can have an impact on mileage and speed optimization .. The cost effectiveness has an impact on determining the performance requirements for EV conversions based on trip distance and speed. The battery accounts for between 20 to 50 percent of the total cost of an EV conversion. It is dependent on the type of battery used. When evaluating the cost of an EV conversion, it is preferable to begin with determining the battery and then the requisite powertrain components. [8] This bike's key features include increased range, faster charging times, and better build quality, as well as intelligent motor and battery performance control, a Master controller that communicates with a smart display that displays the battery charge status, and a Master controller that communicates with a smart display that displays the battery charge status. [2] The four-speed transmission has been retained to ensure that the battery pack is not overloaded, resulting in smooth acceleration and a pleasant biking experience.

"A Retrofit Approach Towards Development of Geared Battery Powered Motor Bike", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 12, page no.e595-e613, December-2021, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2112473.pdf

"A Retrofit Approach Towards Development of Geared Battery Powered Motor Bike", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.8, Issue 12, page no. ppe595-e613, December-2021, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2112473.pdf