• DR. MOHD LUTFUR RAHMAN

Abstract: Since the establishment of the Persian speaking saffarid government of Iran over Sindh in the eleventh century AD, the Hindus were first preceded by a Persian speaking nations but due to the limited position of their government, the Persian language had no significant effect. Where the series of large-scale conquests actually began with the attacks of Mahmud Ghaznavi, but from the time of Mahmud Ghaznavi to the time of Akbar about 600years, due to various resions, Persian education was not common among the Hindus. But after taking over the government of Akbar, on the one hand, he worked generously with the Hindus and showered rewards and honors on the Hindus, alongwith it he had great respect for their religion and religious knowledge. Moreover he arranged for Joint education of Hindu students with Muslim students with religious freedom. This Joint education system enhanced the Hindu-Muslim fraternity in such a way that the Hindus felt proud by adopting the Muslim titles as Hasrat, Aziz, Sayel, Bedal, Khushgu etc with their names. On the other hand, Akbar’s Finance Minister Raja Todarmal, along with his other reforms in 990 Hijri (1582 CE), abolished the Hindi language as official language and made Persian the official language. In such critical situation, due to Akbar’s benevolence of the Hindus there was no opposition from the Hindus and in the hope of gaining government positions, the common practice of learning Persian became active among them and how fast this work gained momentum day by day that during the whole Mughal period after Akbar, a large number of them became Persian poets and the number of people writing books in Persian would also increase. So, it is seen that the Hindus rendered considerable services to Persian literature during the reign of Jahangir to Farrukh Siyar (1014-1124 Hijri), but from the fall of Mughals to the reign of British (1124-1221 Hijri) their works increased considerably. The present paper is attempted to highlight the some glorious contribution of Hindu Scholars to Persian literature during the Mughal period and their works divided into two periods.

Keyword: Persian literature, Mughal period, Hindu Scholars, Story, History, Dictionaries, Biography, Composition, Translation.

"Contribution of Hindu Scholars of India in Persian Literature from 1014-1221 Hijri (1605-1806 CE)", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.9, Issue 3, page no.c696-c703, March-2022, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2203289.pdf

"Contribution of Hindu Scholars of India in Persian Literature from 1014-1221 Hijri (1605-1806 CE)", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.9, Issue 3, page no. ppc696-c703, March-2022, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2203289.pdf