• Atiya Samad
• SabaZaidi

Pain represents one of the oldest challenges in the history of Unani medicine. In the Unani system of Medicine term Waja or Alam described as sensation against Tabiyat (Physis) by Ibn Rushd in his book Kitabul Kulliyat. Alam (pain) is a state in which an individual experiences and reports severe discomfort or an uncomfortable sensation basically it is a protective mechanism having signals in our nervous system. It may be caused by many reasons such as thermal, chemical and mechanical stimuli. Transmission of pain occurs by Transduction, Transmission, Perception and Modulation. There are two types of alam/pain, one is fast which felt about 0.1 sec after stimuli and second is slow which felt about 1 sec after the stimuli. Both types of pain have different conduction pathways. A physician can diagnose a disease to a very great extent on the basis of different types and qualities of alam/pain. Another great scholar Ibn Sina (Avecenna) has described causes of alam/pain as Sue-Mizaj Mukhtalif and Tafarruk-e-ittesal. According to Unani philosophy there all individuals are divided into four different Mizaf (Temperaments) and it is believed that the Safravi Mizaj individual will be hypersensitive and the Balghami and the Saudavi Mizaj individual will be comparatively hyposensitive to pain stimuli. Regarding the management of alam/pain Avicenna suggested that “the treatment of pain should be directed to the cause of pain”. Unani System of Medicine (USM) has an impressive record in treating alam/pain relating disorders through non-Pharmacological regimes and modules which works on the principle of modifying or modulating six essential factors of life (Asbaab-e-sitta zarooriya) for maintaining health and preventing from diseases.

Alam; Pain; Mizaj, Waja; Tafarruk-e-ittesal, The Unani medicine

"The Physiology of Alam (Pain) and Its Non- Pharmacological Regimes and Modules in the Unani System of Medicine –An Overview", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.9, Issue 4, page no.b142-b147, April-2022, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2204118.pdf

"The Physiology of Alam (Pain) and Its Non- Pharmacological Regimes and Modules in the Unani System of Medicine –An Overview", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.9, Issue 4, page no. ppb142-b147, April-2022, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2204118.pdf