Abstract
Mucormycosis is a fungal infection caused by a group of filamentous moulds in the Mucorales order and Zygomycetes class. Mucormycosis, often known as black fungus disease, is a kind of mucormycosis. This illness primarily affects diabetics and those with impaired immune systems. As patients' immunity decreases as a result of COVID-19 infection, mucormycosis instances rise as a result of inhaling moulds containing industrial oxygen. The major goal of this paper is to give a full overview of mucormycosis, including its epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, therapy, and relationship to COVID-19.
Between March and June 2021, a thorough literature search was conducted utilising terms such as Mucormycosis, Black fungus, Mucorales, Zygomycetes, Rhizopus, and others in various search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholars, Research Gate, and SCOPUS. Mucormycosis, or black fungus disease, is an uncommon invasive fungal illness with a significant fatality risk if not detected properly. Mucorales frequently prey on endothelial cells in vascular tissue. Mucormycosis is classified into six types depending on their anatomical locations: rhinocerebral, pulmonary, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, disseminated, and miscellaneous. Patients receiving iron overload therapy are more likely to develop black fungus. Imaging analysis, sputum culture, and bronchoalveolar lavage culture are generally used to diagnose and treat mucormycosis. Amphotericin B treatment combined with suitable surgery can boost survival rates by 1.5 times. Mucorales have a wide spectrum of resistance to antifungal medications. However, first-line therapies such as amphotericin B, posaconazole, and isavuconazole are feasible. COVID- To combat the infections, 19 individuals with black fungus are being treated with first-line antifungal medications. In the future, much more research will be required to identify new medicinal therapies.