• 1. Shakuntala
• Dr. Vinay Kumari
• Dr. Dhanesh Garg
• Dr. Jyoti Sarin

Effectiveness of breathing exercises on physiological and psychological variables of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: A Systematic Review ABSTRACT TB is a 7th killer disease in the world. Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death and the leading cause of a single infectious agent. Globally, 10.0 million people developed TB disease in 2017; 5.8 million men, 3.2 million women, and 1.0 million children. India has been ranked 17th among 22 high burden countries in terms of TB incidence rate.[ ] Objectives: To collect the data and review various studies. Methodology: The study design was systematic review the study includes the studies those who were related to physiological (dyspnea, Spo2, BP, heart rate, RR) and psychological (anxiety, quality of life) variables of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and the studies showed the effect of breathing exercises on the physiological and psychological variables, and excludes the studies those discussed about the other method to deal with the physiological and psychological variables. Analysis: The data was grouped and analyzed in terms of Meta analysis. Studies were identified through searches of MEDLINE, PUBMED, Elsevier and Google Scholar. Abstracted information is about the study design, population characteristics, interventions and outcomes. Conclusion: Physiological (dyspnea, Spo2, BP, heart rate, RR) and psychological (anxiety, quality of life) variables are the major problems which causes significant impairment while patient having pulmonary tuberculosis.Several studies came out with the conclusions that the breathing exercises are effective in reducing the dyspnea, heart rate, respiratory rate, and anxiety. Breathing exercises are effective in increasing the SpO2 level and improving the QOL among PTB patients.

Keywords: Breathing exercises, physiological variables, psychological variables, pulmonary tuberculosis patients

"Effectiveness of breathing exercises on physiological and psychological variables of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis:A Systematic Review", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.9, Issue 6, page no.b341-b349, June-2022, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2206148.pdf

"Effectiveness of breathing exercises on physiological and psychological variables of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis:A Systematic Review", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.9, Issue 6, page no. ppb341-b349, June-2022, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2206148.pdf