• HARSHA RAMESHWAR BARDE
• Dr. A. A. Harsulkar
• Mohammad Zishan Ibrahim

The oral route is mayhap the one mostly preferred by patient and clinicians. Based on our current understandings of biochemical and physiological aspects of absorption and metabolism many drugs cannot be delivered effectively through conventional oral route, because after administration are subjected to pre-systemic clearance. Extensively in liver, which often leads to a lack of significant correlation between membrane permeability, absorption and bioavailability. Accordingly other absorptive mucosa are considered as potential sites for drug administration. The nasal cavity as a site for systemic drug delivery has been investigated by many research groups and route has already reached commercial states with several drugs including LHRH and calcitonin. Recent interest has been expressed on delivery of drug to or via mucus membrane by use of adhesive material several muco-adhesive formulations are available under development and drug delivery via buccal mucosa is a novel route facilitate direct entry of drug molecules into systemic circulation, avoiding first-pass metabolism and drug degradation in harsh gastrointestinal environment, which are often associated with oral administration.

buccal patch, mucoadhession, etc

"DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOADHESIVE BUCCAL PATCHES FOR BETTER THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY.", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.9, Issue 6, page no.c315-c337, June-2022, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2206241.pdf

"DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOADHESIVE BUCCAL PATCHES FOR BETTER THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY.", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.9, Issue 6, page no. ppc315-c337, June-2022, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2206241.pdf