• Sheshadri A V
• Renuka Prasada T

Computer networking forms the backbone of modern digital communication, enabling the exchange of data and resources across geographically distributed systems. From small-scale local area networks to the global Internet, networking technologies have transformed communication, commerce, education, and governance. This research paper presents a comprehensive study of computer networking, focusing on its fundamental concepts, architectural models, communication protocols, transmission technologies, and network security. The paper further examines current challenges such as scalability, performance, and security, and discusses emerging trends including software-defined networking, cloud networking, and next-generation Internet technologies. By providing a holistic overview, this study aims to enhance conceptual understanding of networking systems and their critical role in the digital era.

Computer Networking, Network Architecture, Communication Protocols, Internet, Network Security, Emerging Technologies.

"Computer Networking: Architecture, Protocols, Challenges, and Future Directions", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.9, Issue 6, page no.k642-k644, June 2022, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2206A89.pdf

"Computer Networking: Architecture, Protocols, Challenges, and Future Directions", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.9, Issue 6, page no. ppk642-k644, June 2022, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2206A89.pdf