• Mr. Justin V Sebastian
• Dr. Neenumol K Jose
• Dr. Shanti Joye
• Mr. Ananthakrishnan
• Ms. Shilpa Katoch

Steroid hormones, many of which are of great clinical significance, are synthesized in the adrenal cortex, gonads, and placenta. Both the mitochondria and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum participate in the synthesis of steroid hormones. They are synthesized on demand as precursors because they are lipophilic and cannot be stored in vesicles, where they would diffuse easily. Once the parent cell is stimulated, the steroid hormone precursors are converted into the mature hormones and diffuse out of the cell via simple diffusion. Steroid hormones are insoluble in plasma and other body fluids because they are all constructed from cholesterol. Steroids are given a longer half-life and more widespread distribution by binding to transport proteins. The adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex make up the adrenal glands. There are three main anatomical regions in the adrenal cortex: the zona glomerulosa, which is responsible for the production of aldosterone; the zona fasciculata; and the zona reticularis, which is responsible for the production of cortisol and adrenal androgens. The adrenal cortex secretes over 30 different steroids, which fall into three functional groups: mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens. Cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, aldosterone, corticosterone, and 11-deoxycortisol are the adrenal gland steroids that are produced almost exclusively in these glands. The adrenal glands and the gonads produce the majority of the other steroid hormones, including the estrogens.

Aromatase, 17 alpha(α)-hydroxylase, 21-b hydroxylase, 11-b hydroxylase, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia & Penis at 12 syndrome.

"Synthesis of Steroid Hormones and Abnormalities", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 3, page no.b184-b191, March-2023, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2303121.pdf

"Synthesis of Steroid Hormones and Abnormalities", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 3, page no. ppb184-b191, March-2023, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2303121.pdf