• Debasis Biswas
• Sandip Dandapat
• Mousumi Biswas
• Prof. Malina Jain

Saliva, a thick, colourless fluid that is constantly secreted in the oral cavity of human and other vertebrates by some group of glands known as salivary glands. Salivary secretion is a complex physiological process. Under different circumstances its composition and flow vary greatly. On an average 0.75 to 1.5 L saliva is secreted daily. Unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (SFR) is about 0.3-0.5 ml/min, whereas, this flow rate increases up to 4.0-5.0 ml/min during eating, chewing and other stimulatory activities. The normal pH of saliva ranges from 6.8 to 7.1. Amongst Indian people, the habit of smoking and tobacco chewing appears to be wide spread and is cutting through all cross-sections of the society. About 50% of the total tobacco use in India is in smokeless form, i.e., zarda, gutkha, khaini, pan-masala etc. Whether usage of smoked or smokeless tobacco forms have systemic as well as locoregional effects. In oral cavity, saliva is the first biological fluid that gets exposed to the toxic chemicals present in tobacco or areca nut. The present study showed the effect of long-term use of tobacco on the salivary flow rate and salivary pH. Both unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow reduced significantly. It was also observed that long-term tobacco use also lowers salivary pH, making it more acidic.

saliva, tobacco, unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rate, salivary pH

"ASSESSMENT OF SALIVARY FLOW RATE AND pH AND IN TOBACCO AND NON-TOBACCO USING INDIVIDUALS", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 5, page no.c502-c513, May-2023, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2305273.pdf

"ASSESSMENT OF SALIVARY FLOW RATE AND pH AND IN TOBACCO AND NON-TOBACCO USING INDIVIDUALS", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 5, page no. ppc502-c513, May-2023, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2305273.pdf