• Siddharth Rajak
• Prof. Kalpana Chaturvedi

Forests and wildlife have been an integral part of India's cultural and ecological heritage for centuries. Throughout its history, the conservation and sustainable management of these natural resources has been shaped by organizations with diverse roles and responsibilities. This research paper examines the historical perspectives of wildlife and forest conservation organizations in India, exploring their evolution, impact, and long-term implications. The colonial era saw the introduction of British-managed forestry departments, driven primarily by resource extraction and revenue generation. However, the recognition of ecological importance has gradually shifted attention to scientific forestry practices. Visionaries like Dr. Dietrich Brandis have played an important role in laying the groundwork for modern forest management in India. After independence, India went through a period of transformation, which led to the development of forest and wildlife conservation policies and actions. Organizations emerged as key implementers of government policies, actively involving local communities and promoting decentralized governance. This shift addresses diversity in the region, strengthens local institutions, and promotes efficient resource allocation. Their multidimensional roles extend beyond conservation, impacting many different sectors including agriculture, horticulture, animal husbandry, and industrial production, contributing to rural development and socioeconomic growth. This paper assesses the historical impact of institutions on forest and wildlife conservation outcomes. It evaluates their effectiveness in protecting biodiversity, identifying successes and addressing the challenges these organizations face. These findings underscore the central role institutions play in shaping India's conservation journey and underline their continued importance in achieving sustainable development and conserving biodiversity. In summary, this research paper summarizes key historical findings, highlighting the important role institutions play in wildlife and forest conservation in India. Drawing valuable lessons, the document makes recommendations for future conservation efforts. It explores the implications for the sustainable management of forests and wildlife, highlighting the enduring importance of institutions in India's conservation efforts. Ultimately, this study sheds light on the rich historical legacy of institutions in preserving India's natural heritage for generations to come.

Historical perspective, Institutions, Forest and wildlife conservation, Colonial era, Post-colonial era

"Historical Role of Institutions in Forest and Wildlife Conservation in India", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 8, page no.e426-e445, August-2023, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2308453.pdf

"Historical Role of Institutions in Forest and Wildlife Conservation in India", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 8, page no. ppe426-e445, August-2023, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2308453.pdf