• Dr. Nisha Sharma
• Baldev Singh Cheema

The holy land of Punjab, the territory of five rivers has, undoubtedly, contributed to a great extent in diversified fields, not only to India but to the world also. About five thousand years ago, the Indus Valley Civilization, India‟s oldest and marvelous civilization, was born and flourished on this very land. This Civilization is considered as one of world. The Aryans compiled their famous religious scripture „Rigveda‟ on this holy land.1 The great characters of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata belonged to the Punjab only. The great Mahabharata war was also fought on this land and Lord Krishna delivered his spiritual message i.e. the Gita here. The world famous Takshshila University and the centre of Gandhara Art was also situated here. This land has the honour of giving birth to great scholars like Kautilya, Charka and Panini. It was the place where Chandragupta Maurya founded India‟s first empire. The most important and decisive wars of Indian history were fought here.

Development of Sikh Institution in Sikhism

"Development of Sikh institutions in Sikhism", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 8, page no.h1-h8, August-2023, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2308701.pdf

"Development of Sikh institutions in Sikhism", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 8, page no. pph1-h8, August-2023, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2308701.pdf