• KIBISA WA KIBISA THEOPHILE

In order to better understand the contribution of the informal economy in the formation of household income, particularly those of photographers in the town of Kindu, province of Maniema in the Democratic Republic of Congo, a study was carried out from June to July with 120 photographers distributed in the three municipalities of the city in the form of a survey with a supporting questionnaire. The objective was to know not only the share of this activity in the formation of household income but also to verify whether the advent of smartphones (Android) has had a negative influence on the profession of photographer. The results of our research showed that 75.83% of our respondents begin their activities with their own funds, 81.7% of our respondents affirm that the objective pursued in choosing this profession is to provide for the current needs of households, the pricing of the photo card is a function of the cost of in puts, charges (depreciation and taxes) plus the profit margin, the average income of a photographer is $55, 35% of photographers primarily allocate their income in health care and education against 27.5% which affect the purchase of foodstuffs, apart from the capital invested, the photographer makes a monthly expense on average estimated at 40.37%, 75% of our respondents think that it is possible to save if one sticks to orthodoxy, or either by joining savings and credit associations, tontines, savings and credit mutuals, etc. 66 7% of photographers are satisfied with their activities and finally 82.5% of photographers admit that the advent of smartphones has a negative impact (decrease) on their income and even threatens their profession.

"CONTRIBUTION OF INFORMAL ACTIVITIES ON HOUSEHOLD INCOME FORMATION", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 9, page no.f53-f75, September-2023, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2309507.pdf

"CONTRIBUTION OF INFORMAL ACTIVITIES ON HOUSEHOLD INCOME FORMATION", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 9, page no. ppf53-f75, September-2023, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2309507.pdf