• T.Jayasudha
• Dr. R. Uma Rani

Abstract: Background: The most frequent cause of mortality globally is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Risk factors in the domains of metabolic, behavioral, environmental, and social health have an important impact on CVD. Objectives: This study's goal is to observe the global trend in CVD mortality, prevalence, years of life lost (YLL), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and years lived with disability (YLD) over the past 30 years. This study, which covers 17 underlying causes of cardiovascular mortality for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019, analyses the extent of the overall burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Methods: The age-standardized CVD mortality, DALYs, YLL, YLD, and prevalence rates were taken from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study every year between 1990 and 2019 for both sexes, all age categories, and various global super regions with accessible data. Results: From 1990 to 2019, almost all nations saw a considerable increase in mortality. From 12.06 million (95% UI: 11.4 to 12.5 million) in 1990 to 18.5 million cases (95% UI: 17 to 19.7 million cases) in 2019, there was a gradual increase in the number of CVD fatalities. From 271 million cases in 1990 to 523 million cases in 2019, the prevalence of all CVD cases almost doubled, and years lived with disability increased from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.4 million) to 34.3 million (95% UI: 24.8 to 43.6 million). Throughout that period, disability-adjusted life years and years of life lost are also rising sharply on a worldwide scale. Deaths due to ischemic heart disease (IHD) reached 9.13 million (95% UI: 8.39 to 9.74 million), 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 193 million) DALYs, and 197 million (95% UI: 177 to 219 million) prevalent cases in 2019. Deaths due to stroke reached 6.55 million in 2019. In 2019, hypertensive heart disease (HHD), cardiomyopathy and myocarditis, atrial fibrillation and flutter, peripheral artery disease, rheumatic heart disease, and endocarditis reached 1.15 million, 340K, 315K, 74K, 305K, and 66K deaths, respectively. In 2019, among many CVDs, stroke and ischemic heart disease had the highest death rates, and CVD death rates were highest in Central Asia. Conclusion: The main causes of death and disability worldwide are cardiovascular diseases, particularly ischemic heart disease, and stroke. More efforts are urgently needed to raise the survival rate of CVD patients and lessen the burden of this illness in regions where mortality is on the rise.

Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Disease, Stroke, GBD Study, Trend Analysis.

"Trend Analysis of Cardiovascular Diseases, 1990-2019", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 10, page no.b282-b305, October-2023, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2310126.pdf

"Trend Analysis of Cardiovascular Diseases, 1990-2019", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 10, page no. ppb282-b305, October-2023, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2310126.pdf