• Dr Mahalingam Palaniandi
• Dr. Mohamed Abbas Abdul Alleem

Cloud computing services enable organizations to access computing resources instantly using the Internet and efficiently without managing or maintaining physical hardware. This cost-effective technology will enable enterprises to scale their computing resources up or down as needed. Interoperability is a crucial aspect of cloud computing that ensures seamless communication and interaction between cloud services. It is essential for cloud computing to be interoperable so that different cloud services can communicate and interact seamlessly. Cloud reference models define the components, relationships, and interactions within the cloud environment, and interoperability plays a critical role in enabling seamless exchange and integration between different cloud services, enhancing the flexibility and efficiency of cloud computing environments. To serve the needs of computing requirements worldwide, cloud computing uses various technologies and models to work together. This paper highlights the issues and challenges related to cloud reference models. It also provides a comprehensive overview of the multiple cloud services and the importance of interoperability. Finally, it suggests the best practices and recommendations for the identified cloud interoperability challenges.

Cloud Computing, Cloud Models, Cloud Design, Reference Models, NIST Cloud References, IaaS, PaaS and SaaS

"Addressing the Challenges and Issues with Interoperability in Cloud Reference Models for Various Cloud Services", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 10, page no.g321-g330, October-2023, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2310537.pdf

"Addressing the Challenges and Issues with Interoperability in Cloud Reference Models for Various Cloud Services", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 10, page no. ppg321-g330, October-2023, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2310537.pdf