Abstract
Gum damage and jaw irritation can result from severe gum disease. Periodontitis does happen, but it's quite uncommon. Poor dental hygiene at the time is the cause. Oral bacteria that infect the gums and teeth that support them are typically the cause of periodontal disease. Risk factors for HIV/AIDS, diabetes, smoking, family history, and numerous drugs including these. Bone scans, x-rays, and visual inspection of the gums surrounding the teeth are used to make the diagnosis. As part of the treatment, routine teeth cleaning and proper oral hygiene are provided. It's advised to brush and floss your teeth every day to keep your teeth healthy. Research indicates that altering one's diet and giving up smoking might enhance one's physical well-being; in 2015, this affected over 538 million individuals globally. Usually, 10% to 15% of persons are impacted. About half of Americans over thirty and seventy percent of those over sixty-five suffer from this illness. Men are more impacted than women. Gingivitis is a defining feature of chronic periodontitis, a serious oral disease that affects 35% of adults between the ages of 30 and 90. A less prevalent condition that typically affects teeth in young people is aggressive periodontitis, or GAP. Tetracycline, antiseptics, germicides, mouth and throat treatments, and antimalarial are used in management. Chlorhexidine gluconate is a germicidal mouthwash for gingivitis, while doxycycline is used to treat a variety of bacterial illnesses. Peridex is a mouthwash that is intended to cure gingivitis; however, it is not advised for use on children or teenagers due to the possibility of severe allergic responses. To treat bacterial infections, less intrusive techniques can also be utilised, such as scaling, root planning, and medicines. Consequently, every aspect of periodontitis is investigated in this paper: its aetiology, types, aggressive and chronic forms, epidemiology, pathophysiology, histology, and therapeutic responses.