• Amita Maddhesiya
• Indrani Chakraborty
• Subhrajit Banerjee
• Saurabh Verma
• Abhishek Kumar Madhesia

Abstract: Climate change, arising from both natural processes and anthropogenic emissions, poses a formidable threat to life on Earth. Greenhouse gases (GHGs), notably carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), primarily from fossil fuel combustion, play a pivotal role in driving large-scale climatic impacts (IPCC, 2013; Xu and Lamarque, 2018). This paper explores the intricate relationship between air pollution and climate change, emphasizing the shared emission sources, climatic characteristics, and chemistry, as well as integrated mitigation measures. The major GHGs—water vapor, ozone (O3), nitrous oxide (N2O), CO2, and CH4—contribute to global warming, with CO2 and CH4 dominating at 90% (Kumar and Imam, 2013; EPA, 2020). The interconnection between air pollution and climate change extends to emission sources, climate dynamics, and potential mitigation actions. Both phenomena carry profound implications for human health, exemplified by particulate matter (PM) adversely affecting health and influencing climate forcing and meteorological phenomena by acting as cloud nuclei. Simultaneously, the consequences of global warming, ranging from rising temperatures to extreme weather events, ocean acidification, and sea-level rise, underscore the urgent need for comprehensive solutions. While these challenges are often treated as separate issues in research and policy, their inherent interconnectedness demands a holistic approach to effective mitigation strategies.

Keywords - Climate adaptation, nature-based solutions, environmental pollution, human health, urbanization.

"Unprecedented Challenges in Urban Areas Due to Climate Change", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 1, page no.e800-e802, January-2024, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2401499.pdf

"Unprecedented Challenges in Urban Areas Due to Climate Change", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 1, page no. ppe800-e802, January-2024, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2401499.pdf