• Shivangi Kumari
• Dr. Aniruddh Kumar

Abstract: Migration is a historical and multi-dimensional phenomenon occurring in human life which plays an important role in social, economic and cultural development, manpower planning and social change including individual growth of the population of a particular areas1. It gives us insight into social change and provides vision also2. In the context of past or present migration patterns, inter-regional variations in population growth, inter rural- urban variations in social welfare etc. are described and an analysis of migration is presented, with a focus on Katihar district of Bihar, to emphasize how it impacts society. From the point of view of the study, the background of the study area situated between 25°42'-26°25' North latitude and 87°10'-88°5' East longitude line on an area of 3057.01 km is rural. Agriculture is the main source of livelihood of the residents as well as the backbone of the economy of the district. Due to lack of industrialization and lack of adequate opportunities in the agricultural sector, seasonal or dry unemployment is often seen here, which is the main factor responsible for migration. According to the 2011 census, on the basis of place of birth, about 22.8 per cent of the population is migrant, which includes 75.6% female population and 24.4% male population. A society is structurally made up of family, marriage, caste, religion, class, education and occupation etc. The change in the above can be considered as social change3. In fact, social structure means social organization4. The formation of social organization is the result of the mutual actions of humans5. Therefore, social structure or social organization is considered primitive under social science. It is used for interaction and analysis of social relations with politics and law6. In modern society, where social organization is more serious about the options and decisions available in social relations, the social structure which provides the fundamental form to the society. Along with informing social relations, it also sets the subject matter and boundaries for possible action7. Research clearly indicates that migration has a positive impact on the social structural system. After migration, there has been an increase in social communication and social interaction of the migrated people among different sections. Not only the average age at marriage has increased among them, but their inclination towards inter-caste marriage has also increased. After migration, there has been improvement in expenditure on education and increase in the trend of nuclear family as compared to joint family within the family structure. Apart from this, their attitude towards social barriers like caste and sect has also become more liberal. Almost all the data used in the presented research paper is primary, which has been collected by the authors through questionnaire and schedule. At some places secondary data has also been used but only for reference purposes.

Key words: Migration, social change, family structure, social communication, social interaction.

"Role of Migration in Social-Change: With Special Reference to Katihar District, Bihar", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 4, page no.e248-e262, April-2024, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2404430.pdf

"Role of Migration in Social-Change: With Special Reference to Katihar District, Bihar", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 4, page no. ppe248-e262, April-2024, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2404430.pdf