• SHOBHIT SACHAN

The Courts in India have a three tier hierarchy. At the bottom, there are the District Courts for the adjudication of disputes and administration of justice. Above them, there are the High Courts for the administration of justice within a state. At present, there are 25 High Courts in the country. The most recent is the Amravati High Court responsible for the administration of justice in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Earlier the disputes came before the High Court of Hyderabad. Above the High Courts and the District Courts there is the Supreme Court of India having control over the disputes that arise within the territory of India. It has its seat in New Delhi. However, it can sit at any other place in India as per the Article 130 of the Constitution of India. The Judges of the District Courts are appointed by the respective High Courts. It is not designated as the Constitutional Courts. The Supreme Court of India and the various High Courts are called the Constitutional Courts. They are called so because specific provisions are provided for them under the Constitution of India. Like Articles 124 to 147 of the Constitution deal with the provisions relating to the Supreme Court of India. On the other hand, Article 214 to 231 of the Constitution of India provide for the establishment of the High Courts in the country. The Judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts are appointed through a system called the Collegium System that is in practice since 1993 which was introduced by the then Chief Justice of India Justice P.N. Bhagwati. The Parliament tried to change the Collegium System through a new system called the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC). The Parliament passed an Amendment Act called the 99th Constitutional Amendment Act.

Three tier hierarchy, Amravati High Court, Constitutional Courts, Collegium System, National Judicial Appointments Commission,

"Procedure for the Appointment of Judges in India", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 7, page no.f722-f728, July-2024, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2407591.pdf

"Procedure for the Appointment of Judges in India", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 7, page no. ppf722-f728, July-2024, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2407591.pdf