• Pooja Arya
• Mohammad Mazid

This study evaluates the antibacterial activity of essential oils extracted from Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr (commonly known as clove) compared to streptomycin, a standard antibiotic. The essential oil was obtained through steam distillation, and its chemical composition was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The primary constituents identified were eugenol (75.4%), eugenyl acetate (13.2%), and β-caryophyllene (6.1%). The antibacterial efficacy was assessed using the agar well diffusion method, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the broth microdilution method. The test organisms included Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, and Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results demonstrated that the essential oil exhibited significant antibacterial activity against all tested bacteria, with zones of inhibition ranging from 15.2 mm to 25.3 mm. The highest inhibition was observed against Staphylococcus aureus. In comparison, streptomycin showed inhibition zones ranging from 18.5 mm to 28.1 mm. The MIC values for the essential oil ranged from 0.25 to 1.00 mg/mL, indicating a potent antibacterial effect. Staphylococcus aureus showed the lowest MIC value of 0.25 mg/mL, followed by Bacillus subtilis at 0.50 mg/mL, while Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited MIC values of 0.75 mg/mL and 1.00 mg/mL, respectively. Streptomycin exhibited MIC values of 0.10 to 0.50 mg/mL across the same bacteria. These findings suggest that the essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum possesses strong antibacterial properties, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria, and can serve as a natural alternative to synthetic antibiotics like streptomycin. Further research is warranted to explore its potential applications in clinical settings and its mechanism of action. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of clove essential oil in combating bacterial infections, especially those caused by antibiotic-resistant strains.

Antibacterial Activity, Syzygium aromaticum, Essential Oils, Streptomycin, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), etc.

"Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 7, page no.f785-f793, July-2024, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2407599.pdf

"Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 7, page no. ppf785-f793, July-2024, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2407599.pdf