• Meet Sharma
• Ms. V . Lavanya

This manuscript explores the transformative domain of quantum cryptography and its pivotal role in fortifying secure key distribution within a defence-in-depth framework. It addresses the vulnerabilities of current digital cryptosystems, outlines the fundamental principles of quantum cryptography, and critically assesses real-world implementations along with their limitations. The study further investigates the computational models of quantum computers, the significant impact of quantum algorithms on cryptography, and the looming threat posed by Cryptographically Relevant Quantum Computers (CRQCs). The analysis extends to the potential security implications for both symmetric and public-key cryptography in the advent of CRQCs. Additionally, the paper highlights the ongoing standardization efforts by NIST for Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC), the emergence of quantum-resistant public-key systems, and the role of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) as a complementary technology to conventional cryptographic methods. Finally, it examines the importance of Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNGs) in enhancing existing hardware-based random number generators.

Quantum Cryptography, Computational Models, Quantum Algorithms, Secure Key Distribution, Post-Quantum Cryptography, Quantum Key Distribution, Quantum Random Number Generators.

"The Intersection of Quantum Theory and Cryptographic Security: A Comprehensive Analysis", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 9, page no.d833-d837, September-2024, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2409395.pdf

"The Intersection of Quantum Theory and Cryptographic Security: A Comprehensive Analysis", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 9, page no. ppd833-d837, September-2024, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2409395.pdf