• Afreen Sultana
• Sajida Afreen
• Dr. Hajera Fathima

The growth of toxic substances in the body-fluid partitions during the course of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) is liable for many of the clinical outcomes of the condition known as uremia (precisely, ‘‘urine in the blood’’). A practical and broadly gained categorization is built on molecular weight and plasma protein-binding properties[1]. In this strategy, uremic toxins are differentiated into four non-overlapping categories. European Uremic Toxin Work Group (EuTox) identified 92 organic compounds reportedly associated with uremia, 45 with a molecular weight <500 Da (23 of which were protein-bound), 25 compounds with a molecular weight >500 Da and <12,000 Da, and 22 with a molecular weight >12,000 Da[1]. All body organs and systems are influenced by the toxicity of uremic compounds retained in the course of renal failure, including the cardiovascular system, central nervous system, hematological and coagulation disorders, immune system, endocrine system, bone disease, skin, gastro-intestinal system and respiratory system. Primarily, children have physiological particularities that may influence the inflation pattern of uremic toxins. For instance, children have commensurately larger body water volumes and lower circulating proteins than adults. Secondly, the effect of toxicity on maturational and developmental processes of nearly all organ systems, which represents a central aspect of the pediatric uremic syndrome, can by explanation not be concluded from adults in whom maturation has come to an end. Growth and puberty, which are special pediatric features, are frequently affected in the pediatric uremic syndrome. The estimation of uremic toxins can be evaluated via,. Analytical Techniques and From Biological Evaluations and the Methods to reduce the concentration of uremic toxins are Dietary Modification, Reducing absorption from the gut, Reducing generation in the gut, Preservation of kidney function and Dialysis.

Chronic kidney disease, Uremic toxins, Toxicity, Body organs, Children.

"UREMIC TOXINS : A CONCEPTUAL STUDY", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 9, page no.e928-e952, September-2024, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2409521.pdf

"UREMIC TOXINS : A CONCEPTUAL STUDY", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 9, page no. ppe928-e952, September-2024, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2409521.pdf